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package Win32::Env;
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our $VERSION='0.03';
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4
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=head1 NAME
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Win32::Env - set and retrieve global system and user environment variables under Win32.
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8
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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use Win32::Env;
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# Retrieving value
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my $user_path=GetEnv(ENV_USER, 'PATH');
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print $user_path;
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# Setting new value
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SetEnv(ENV_USER, 'PATH', 'C:\\MyBin');
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# Deleting value
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DelEnv(ENV_USER, 'PATH');
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# Retrieving list of all variables in environment
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my @vars=ListEnv(ENV_USER);
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print(join(', ', @vars));
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# Broadcasting message about our changes
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BroadcastEnv();
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=cut
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2
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48162
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use warnings;
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2
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7
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2
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81
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use strict;
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2
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2
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use Carp;
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2
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2
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177
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35
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2
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2
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890
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use Win32::TieRegistry(FixSzNulls=>1);
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0
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0
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=head1 NOTES
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=head2 System and user variables
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Just like many Unix shells have global defaults and user profile, Windows store
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several sets of environment variables. Modifying system's set (see L)
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will affect every user on system, while working with user's (see L)
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will only affect current user.
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46
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=head2 Fixed and variable length values
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48
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While it is impossible to distinguish them by normal means (like C<%ENV> or C's
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C command, variable values could be either fixed length or variable length strings.
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Fixed length strings should always resolve to same literal value that was assigned to them, while
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variable length strings may have references to other variables in them that in form of C<%OTHER_VAR%>
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that should be expanded to values of that variables. Note "should". This expansion is not
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performed by system automatically, but must be done by program that uses variable.
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55
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=cut
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57
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=head1 EXPORT
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59
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SetEnv GetEnv DelEnv ListEnv BroadcastEnv ENV_USER ENV_SYSTEM
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61
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=cut
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63
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use Exporter qw(import);
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64
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our @EXPORT=qw(SetEnv GetEnv DelEnv ListEnv InsertPathEnv BroadcastEnv ENV_USER ENV_SYSTEM);
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66
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=head1 CONSTANTS
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68
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=head2 ENV_USER
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70
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Used as value for C<$sys_or_usr> argument to indicate that
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you wish to work with current user's environment.
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73
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=head2 ENV_SYSTEM
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75
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Used as value for C<$sys_or_usr> argument to indicate that
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you wish to work with system's global environment.
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78
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=cut
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80
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use constant ENV_USER =>0;
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use constant ENV_SYSTEM =>1;
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83
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use constant ENVKEY_USER => 'HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Environment';
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use constant ENVKEY_SYSTEM => 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\Environment';
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86
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=head1 FUNCTIONS
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88
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=cut
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90
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sub _NWA{
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my $lib=shift,
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my @proto=@_;
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require Win32::API;
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return(new Win32::API($lib, @proto) or die "Can't import API $proto[0] from $lib: $^E\n");
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}
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97
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# TODO: error/sanity checks for other args
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sub _num_to_key($){
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my $sysusr=shift;
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if(!defined($sysusr) or ($sysusr ne ENV_USER and $sysusr ne ENV_SYSTEM and $sysusr ne ENVKEY_USER and $sysusr ne ENVKEY_SYSTEM)){
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local $Carp::CarpLevel=2;
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carp((caller(1))[3], ": \$sys_or_usr argument must be either ENV_USER or ENV_SYSTEM");
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return;
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}
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if($sysusr eq ENV_USER) { return ENVKEY_USER; }
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elsif($sysusr eq ENV_SYSTEM) { return ENVKEY_SYSTEM; }
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return $sysusr;
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}
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110
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sub _is_empty_var{
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my $var=shift;
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if(!defined($var) or $var eq ''){
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local $Carp::CarpLevel=2;
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carp((caller(1))[3], ": \$variable argument must be defined non-empty name");
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return 1;
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}
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return;
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}
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120
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=head2 SetEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable, $value[, $expand])
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122
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$success=SetEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable, $value);
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$success=SetEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable, $value, $expand);
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125
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Sets variable named $variable in environment selected with $sys_or_usr (L or L)
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to specified $value. Optional $expand set to true or false value specifies if
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127
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value should be marked as variable length string with expandable references
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128
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or not. See L for details. If $expand
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129
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is not defined C will use default Windows behavior - any
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130
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value that have C<%> in it will be marked as variable length. Returns true
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on success and false otherwise.
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133
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=cut
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134
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135
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sub SetEnv{
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my ($sysusr, $var, $value, $expand)=@_;
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$sysusr=(_num_to_key($sysusr) or return);
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return if _is_empty_var($var);
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if(!defined($expand) and defined($value)){ $expand=($value=~/%/); }
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$expand=(defined($expand) and $expand)?Win32::TieRegistry::REG_EXPAND_SZ:undef;
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return Win32::TieRegistry->new($sysusr)->SetValue($var, $value, $expand);
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}
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144
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=head2 GetEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable)
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145
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146
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$value=GetEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable);
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147
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($value, $expand)=GetEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable);
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148
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149
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Returns pair of value of variable named $variable from environment selected
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with $sys_or_usr (L or L) and true or false value
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signifying if it is should be expanded or not (see L).
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153
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=cut
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154
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155
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sub GetEnv{
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156
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my ($sysusr, $var)=@_;
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157
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$sysusr=(_num_to_key($sysusr) or return);
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158
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return if _is_empty_var($var);
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159
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my($value, $type)=Win32::TieRegistry->new($sysusr)->GetValue($var);
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160
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return wantarray?($value, defined($type)?$type==Win32::TieRegistry::REG_EXPAND_SZ:undef):$value;
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}
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162
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163
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=head2 DelEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable)
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164
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165
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DelEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable)
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167
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Deletes variable named $variable from environment selected with $sys_or_usr
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(L or L).
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169
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170
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=cut
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171
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172
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sub DelEnv{
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173
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my ($sysusr, $var)=@_;
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174
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$sysusr=(_num_to_key($sysusr) or return);
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175
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return if _is_empty_var($var);
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176
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Win32::TieRegistry->new($sysusr)->RegDeleteValue($var);
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177
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}
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178
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179
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=head2 ListEnv($sys_or_usr)
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180
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181
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@list_of_variables=ListEnv($sys_or_usr);
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182
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183
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Returns list of all variables in environment selected with $sys_or_usr
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184
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(L or L).
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185
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186
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=cut
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187
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188
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sub ListEnv{
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189
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my ($sysusr, $var)=@_;
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190
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$sysusr=(_num_to_key($sysusr) or return);
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191
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return Win32::TieRegistry->new($sysusr)->ValueNames;
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192
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}
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193
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194
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=head2 InsertPathEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable, $path[, $path_separator])
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195
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196
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$success=InsertPathEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable, $path);
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197
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$success=InsertPathEnv($sys_or_usr, $variable, $path[, $path_separator]);
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198
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199
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One of common use of enviroment variables is to store path lists to binary, library and
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200
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other directories like this. This function allows you to insert a path in such a variable.
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201
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Typical usage in some kind of installation script could be like this:
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202
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203
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InsertPathEnv(ENV_SYSTEM, PATH => $bindir);
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204
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InsertPathEnv(ENV_SYSTEM, PERL5LIB => $libdir);
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205
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BroadcastEnv();
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206
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207
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Path specified with $path will be added to $variable from environment selected with $sys_or_usr
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208
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(L or L), using $path_separator as separators for elements on parse
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209
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and inserting. If you do not specify a $path_separator, default system path separator
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210
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will be detected with C module. Function returns false on failure, and true
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211
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on success with true value being one of '1' for successful insert or '2' if specified $path
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212
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already present in $variable.
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213
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214
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=cut
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215
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216
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sub InsertPathEnv{
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my($sysusr, $var, $path, $psep)=@_;
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$sysusr=(_num_to_key($sysusr) or return);
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return if _is_empty_var($var);
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unless(defined($path) and $path ne ''){ return; }
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if(!defined($psep)){ require Config; $psep=$Config::Config{'path_sep'}; }
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223
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$path=~s/\//\\/g;
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my $elements=(GetEnv($sysusr, $var) or '');
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225
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226
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my @elements=split($psep, $elements);
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my $found=0;
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229
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foreach(@elements){
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$_=~s/[\\\/]$//;
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if(lc($_) eq lc($path)){
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return 2;
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}
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}
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235
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unless(SetEnv($sysusr, $var, join($psep, @elements, $path))) { return; }
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236
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return 1;
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237
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}
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238
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239
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=head2 BroadcastEnv()
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240
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241
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BroadcastEnv();
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242
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243
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Broadcasts system message that environment has changed. This will make system processes responsible for
|
244
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environment aware of change, otherwise your changes will be noticed only on next reboot. Note that most
|
245
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user programs or still won't see changes until next run and neither will their children, as they get environment
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246
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from their parents. Your changes also will not be available in C<%ENV> to either your process or
|
247
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any processes you spawn. Assign to C<%ENV> yourself in addition to C if need it.
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248
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249
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=cut
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250
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251
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sub BroadcastEnv(){
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252
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use constant HWND_BROADCAST => 0xffff;
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253
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use constant WM_SETTINGCHANGE => 0x001A;
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254
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# SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, (LPARAM) "Environment", SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 5000, &dwReturnValue);
|
255
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my $SendMessage=_NWA('user32', 'SendMessage', 'LLPP', 'L');
|
256
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|
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$SendMessage->Call(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, 'Environment');
|
257
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}
|
258
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259
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1;
|
260
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|
261
|
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|
=head1 AUTHOR
|
262
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|
263
|
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|
|
Oleg "Rowaa[SR13]" V. Volkov, C<>
|
264
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|
265
|
|
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|
|
=head1 BUGS
|
266
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|
267
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Please report any bugs or feature requests to
|
268
|
|
|
|
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|
|
C, or through the web interface at
|
269
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.
|
270
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on
|
271
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
your bug as I make changes.
|
272
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
273
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 SUPPORT
|
274
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
275
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
|
276
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
277
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
perldoc Win32::Env
|
278
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
279
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can also look for information at:
|
280
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
281
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
282
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation
|
284
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
285
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L
|
286
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
287
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * CPAN Ratings
|
288
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
289
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L
|
290
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
291
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * RT: CPAN's request tracker
|
292
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
293
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L
|
294
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
295
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * Search CPAN
|
296
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
297
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L
|
298
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
299
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=back
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
|
302
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
303
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Copyright 2006 Oleg "Rowaa[SR13]" V. Volkov, all rights reserved.
|
304
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
305
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
306
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
under the same terms as Perl itself.
|
307
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
308
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=cut
|