line |
stmt |
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sub |
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code |
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package Syntax::Feature::Try; |
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3
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27
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27
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2728494
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use 5.014; |
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27
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100
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4
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27
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27
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139
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use strict; |
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27
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60
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27
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449
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5
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27
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27
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122
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use warnings; |
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27
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58
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27
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517
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6
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27
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27
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116
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use Carp; |
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27
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50
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27
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1143
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7
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27
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27
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148
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use XSLoader; |
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27
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101
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27
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533
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8
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27
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27
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124
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use Scalar::Util qw/ blessed /; |
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27
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54
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27
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1308
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9
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10
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BEGIN { |
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27
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27
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98
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our $VERSION = '1.005'; |
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27
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23147
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XSLoader::load(); |
13
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} |
14
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15
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my @custom_exception_matchers; |
16
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17
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sub install { |
18
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57
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57
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0
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158789
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$^H{+HINTKEY_ENABLED} = 1; |
19
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} |
20
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21
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sub uninstall { |
22
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1
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1
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0
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153
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$^H{+HINTKEY_ENABLED} = 0; |
23
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} |
24
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25
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sub register_exception_matcher { |
26
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7
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7
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0
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7974
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my ($code_ref) = @_; |
27
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28
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7
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100
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27
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if (ref($code_ref) ne 'CODE') { |
29
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3
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30
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croak "Invalid parameter: expected CODE reference."; |
30
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} |
31
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32
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4
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100
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14
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if (not grep { $_ == $code_ref } @custom_exception_matchers) { |
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5
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15
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33
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2
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7
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push @custom_exception_matchers, $code_ref; |
34
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} |
35
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} |
36
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37
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# only for tests: |
38
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3
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3
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18
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sub _custom_exception_matchers { @custom_exception_matchers } |
39
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40
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# TODO convert "our" to "my" variables |
41
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our $is_end_of_block; |
42
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our $return_values; |
43
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44
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sub _statement { |
45
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300
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300
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350001
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my ($try_block, $catch_list, $finally_block) = @_; |
46
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47
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300
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11733
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my $stm_handler = bless {finally => $finally_block}, __PACKAGE__; |
48
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49
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300
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11372
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local $@; |
50
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300
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11213
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local $is_end_of_block; |
51
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300
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12058
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my $exception = run_block($stm_handler, $try_block, 1); |
52
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299
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100
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100
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3444942
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if ($exception and $catch_list) { |
53
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157
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38030
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my $catch_block = _get_exception_handler($exception, $catch_list); |
54
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157
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100
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7923
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if ($catch_block) { |
55
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156
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7579
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local $is_end_of_block; |
56
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156
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7937
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$exception = run_block($stm_handler, $catch_block, 1, $exception); |
57
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} |
58
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} |
59
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60
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299
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100
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45479
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if ($finally_block) { |
61
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196
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11236
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delete $stm_handler->{finally}; |
62
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196
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11038
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local $is_end_of_block; |
63
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196
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11666
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run_block($stm_handler, $finally_block); |
64
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} |
65
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66
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297
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100
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11871
|
if ($exception) { |
67
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11
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57
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_rethrow($exception); |
68
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} |
69
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70
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286
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11249
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$return_values = $stm_handler->{return}; |
71
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286
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11523
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return $stm_handler->{return}; |
72
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} |
73
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74
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sub DESTROY { |
75
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300
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300
|
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15481
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my ($self) = @_; |
76
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300
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11558
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local $is_end_of_block; |
77
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300
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100
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33597
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run_block($self, $self->{finally}) if $self->{finally}; |
78
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} |
79
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80
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sub _get_exception_handler { |
81
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157
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157
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7629
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my ($exception, $catch_list) = @_; |
82
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83
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157
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7516
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foreach my $item (@{ $catch_list }) { |
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157
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14921
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84
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212
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13953
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my ($block_ref, @args) = @$item; |
85
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212
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100
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13578
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return $block_ref if _exception_match_args($exception, @args); |
86
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} |
87
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} |
88
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89
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sub _exception_match_args { |
90
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212
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212
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13531
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my ($exception, $className) = @_; |
91
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92
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212
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100
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13671
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return 1 if not defined $className; # without args catch all exceptions |
93
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94
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189
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13519
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foreach my $matcher (@custom_exception_matchers) { |
95
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10
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23
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my $result = $matcher->($exception, $className); |
96
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10
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100
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139
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return $result if defined $result; |
97
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} |
98
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99
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182
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100
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14235
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if (Moose::Util::TypeConstraints->can('find_type_constraint')) { |
100
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7
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21
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my $type = Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::find_type_constraint($className); |
101
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7
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50
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607
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return $type->check($exception) if $type; |
102
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} |
103
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104
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175
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100
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35222
|
return blessed($exception) && $exception->isa($className); |
105
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} |
106
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107
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sub _rethrow { |
108
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11
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11
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52
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die (@_); |
109
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} |
110
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111
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sub _set_is_end_of_block { |
112
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320
|
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320
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149419
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$is_end_of_block = 1; |
113
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} |
114
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115
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sub _get_return_value { |
116
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154
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154
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|
5020
|
my $return = $return_values; |
117
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154
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|
4624
|
undef $return_values; |
118
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119
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154
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100
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13763
|
return wantarray ? @$return : $return->[0]; |
120
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} |
121
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122
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1; |
123
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124
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__END__ |
125
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126
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=pod |
127
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128
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=head1 NAME |
129
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130
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Syntax::Feature::Try - try/catch/finally statement for exception handling |
131
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132
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
133
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134
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use syntax 'try'; |
135
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136
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try { |
137
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# run this code and handle errors |
138
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} |
139
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catch (My::Class::Err $e) { |
140
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# handle exception based on class "My::Class::Err" |
141
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} |
142
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catch ($e) { |
143
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# handle other exceptions |
144
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} |
145
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finally { |
146
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# cleanup block |
147
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} |
148
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149
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=head1 DESCRIPTION |
150
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151
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This module implements syntax for try/catch/finally statement with behaviour |
152
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similar to other programming languages (like Java, Python, etc.). |
153
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154
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It handles correctly return/wantarray inside try/catch/finally blocks. |
155
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156
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It uses perl keyword/parser API. So it requires B<perl E<gt>= 5.14>. |
157
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158
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=head1 SYNTAX |
159
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160
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=head2 initiliazation |
161
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162
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To initialize this syntax feature call: |
163
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164
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use syntax 'try'; |
165
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166
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=head2 try |
167
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168
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The I<try block> is executed. |
169
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If it throws an error, then first I<catch block> (in order) that can handle |
170
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thrown error will be executed. Other I<catch blocks> will be skipped. |
171
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172
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If none of I<catch blocks> can handle the error, it is thrown out of |
173
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whole statement. If I<try block> does not throw an error, |
174
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all I<catch blocks> are skipped. |
175
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176
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=head2 catch error class |
177
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178
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catch (My::Error $err) { ... } |
179
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180
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This I<catch block> can handle error that is instance of class C<My::Error> |
181
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or any of it's subclasses. |
182
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183
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Caught error is accessible inside I<catch block> |
184
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via declared local variable C<$err>. |
185
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186
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=head2 catch all errors |
187
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188
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To catch all errors use syntax: |
189
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190
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catch ($e) { ... } |
191
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192
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Caught error is accessible inside I<catch block> |
193
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via declared local variable C<$e>. |
194
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195
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=head2 catch without variable |
196
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197
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Variable name in catch block is not mandatory: |
198
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199
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try { |
200
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... |
201
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} |
202
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catch (MyError::FileNotFound) { |
203
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print "file not found"; |
204
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} |
205
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catch { |
206
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print "operation failed"; |
207
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} |
208
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209
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=head2 rethrow error |
210
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211
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To rethrow caught error call "die $err". |
212
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213
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For example (log any Connection::Error): |
214
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215
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try { ... } |
216
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catch (Connection::Error $err) { |
217
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|
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log_error($err); |
218
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die $err; |
219
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} |
220
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221
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=head2 finally |
222
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223
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The I<finally block> is executed at the end of statement. |
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It is always executed (even if try or catch block throw an error). |
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my $fh; |
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try { |
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$fh = IO::File->new("/etc/hosts"); |
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... |
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} |
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finally { |
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$fh->close if $fh; |
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} |
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235
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B<WARNING>: If finally block throws an exception, |
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originaly thrown exception (from try/catch block) is discarded. |
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You can convert errors inside finally block to warnings: |
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try { |
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# try block |
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} |
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finally { |
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try { |
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# cleanup code |
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} |
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catch ($e) { warn $e } |
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} |
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249
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=head1 Supported features |
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251
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=head2 Exception::Class |
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253
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This module is compatible with Exception::Class |
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255
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use Exception::Class ( |
256
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'My::Test::Error' |
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); |
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use syntax 'try'; |
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260
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try { |
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... |
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My::Test::Error->throw('invalid password'); |
263
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} |
264
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catch (My::Test::Error $err) { |
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# handle error here |
266
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} |
267
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268
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=head2 Moose::Util::TypeConstraints |
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270
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This module is able to handle subtypes defined using |
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L<Moose::Util::TypeConstraints> (but it does not require to be this package |
272
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installed if you don't use this feature). |
273
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274
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use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints; |
275
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276
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class_type 'Error' => { class => 'My::Error' }; |
277
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subtype 'BillingError', as 'Error', where { $_->category eq 'billing' }; |
278
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279
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try { |
280
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... |
281
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} |
282
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catch (BillingError $err) { |
283
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# handle subtype BillingError |
284
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} |
285
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286
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=head2 return from subroutine |
287
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288
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This module supports calling "return" inside try/catch/finally blocks |
289
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to return values from subroutine. |
290
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291
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sub read_config { |
292
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my $file; |
293
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try { |
294
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$fh = IO::File->new(...); |
295
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return $fh->getline; # it returns value from subroutine "read_config" |
296
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} |
297
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catch ($e) { |
298
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# log error |
299
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} |
300
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finally { |
301
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$fh->close() if $fh; |
302
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} |
303
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} |
304
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305
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=head2 using custom exception class matcher |
306
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307
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There is possible register own subroutine (custom exception matcher) |
308
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for extending internal className-matcher logic. |
309
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310
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For example: |
311
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312
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use syntax 'try'; |
313
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314
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|
sub is_expected_ref { |
315
|
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|
|
my ($exception, $className) = @_; |
316
|
|
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|
|
my ($expected_ref) = $className =~ /^is_ref::(.+)/; |
317
|
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|
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318
|
|
|
|
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|
|
# use default logic if $className is not begning with 'is_ref::' |
319
|
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|
|
return if not $expected_ref; |
320
|
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321
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|
|
return ( ref($exception) eq $expected_ref ? 1 : 0 ); |
322
|
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|
|
} |
323
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324
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|
|
Syntax::Feature::Try::register_exception_matcher(\&is_expected_ref); |
325
|
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|
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|
326
|
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|
... |
327
|
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328
|
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|
|
try { ... } |
329
|
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|
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|
|
catch (is_ref::CODE) { |
330
|
|
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|
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|
|
# there is handled any exception that is CODE-reference, |
331
|
|
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|
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|
|
# because custom exception matcher returns 1 in this case |
332
|
|
|
|
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|
|
} |
333
|
|
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|
|
|
|
334
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exception matcher subroutine has two arguments: |
335
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
first ($exception) is tested exception, |
336
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
second ($className) is className expected in "catch block". |
337
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It should return undef if given $className cannon be handled by exception matcher |
338
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in this case next registered matchers or default matcher is executed) |
339
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
otherwise return 1 or 0 as result of your own match $exception to $className. |
340
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
341
|
|
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|
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|
|
Note that multiple custom matchers may be registered. |
342
|
|
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|
|
|
|
343
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 CAVEATS |
344
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
345
|
|
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|
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|
|
=head2 @_ |
346
|
|
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|
|
347
|
|
|
|
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|
|
C<@_> is not accessible inside try/catch/finally blocks, |
348
|
|
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|
|
|
|
because these blocks are internally called in different context. |
349
|
|
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|
|
|
350
|
|
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|
|
|
|
=head2 next, last, redo |
351
|
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|
|
352
|
|
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|
|
C<next>, C<last> and C<redo> is not working inside try/catch/finally blocks, |
353
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
because these blocks are internally called in different context. |
354
|
|
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355
|
|
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|
|
=head2 goto |
356
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C<goto> can't be used to get out of a try, catch or finally block. |
358
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
359
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 BUGS |
360
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
361
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
None bugs known. |
362
|
|
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|
|
|
363
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 SEE ALSO |
364
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
365
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<syntax> - Active syntax extensions |
366
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
367
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<Exception::Class> - A module that allows you to declare real exception |
368
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
classes in Perl |
369
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<Moose::Util::TypeConstraints> |
371
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
372
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head2 Other similar packages |
373
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<TryCatch> |
375
|
|
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|
|
|
376
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=over |
377
|
|
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|
|
|
378
|
|
|
|
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|
|
=item * |
379
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It reports wrong line numbers from warn/die calls inside try/catch blocks. |
381
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
382
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * |
383
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It does not support "finally" block. |
385
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
386
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * |
387
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
388
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It works on perl E<lt> 5.14 |
389
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
390
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=back |
391
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
392
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<Try> |
393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
394
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=over |
395
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
396
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * |
397
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
398
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It does not support catching errors by their ISA (i.e. it has only one catch block that takes all errors and you must write additinal if/else code to rethrow other exceptions). |
399
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=back |
401
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
402
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<Try::Tiny> |
403
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
404
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=over |
405
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * |
407
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
408
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It does not support catching errors by their ISA (i.e. it has only one catch block that takes all errors and you must write additinal if/else code to rethrow other exceptions). |
409
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * |
411
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
412
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It generates expression (instead of statement), i.e. it requires semicolon after last block. Missing semicolon before or after try/catch expression may be hard to debug (it is not always reported as syntax error). |
413
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * |
415
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
416
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It works on perl E<lt> 5.14 (It is written in pure perl). |
417
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
418
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=back |
419
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
420
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 GIT REPOSITORY |
421
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
422
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L<http://github.com/tomas-zemres/syntax-feature-try> |
423
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
424
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 AUTHOR |
425
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tomas Pokorny <tnt at cpan dot org> |
427
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
428
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE |
429
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
430
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Copyright 2013 - Tomas Pokorny. |
431
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
432
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This program is free software; |
433
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
434
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
435
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=for Pod::Coverage HINTKEY_ENABLED install uninstall run_block register_exception_matcher |
436
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
437
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=cut |