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package SNMP::Agent; |
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=pod |
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=head1 NAME |
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SNMP::Agent - A simple SNMP AgentX subagent |
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=cut |
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use warnings; |
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use strict; |
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use Carp qw(croak); |
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use NetSNMP::agent (':all'); |
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use NetSNMP::ASN qw(ASN_OCTET_STR ASN_BIT_STR ASN_NULL ASN_GAUGE ASN_UNSIGNED ASN_COUNTER ASN_COUNTER64 ASN_TIMETICKS); |
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=head1 VERSION |
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Version 0.06 |
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=cut |
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our $VERSION = '0.06'; |
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
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Eliminates most of the hassle in developing simple SNMP subagents in perl. |
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A list of SNMP OIDs are registered to callbacks that return the data. |
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=cut |
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=head1 FUNCTIONS |
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=cut |
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sub _generic_handler |
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{ |
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# $oid, $suboid_handler and $asn_type are provided by the anonymous callback |
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# registered by us, and remaining args come from the NetSNMP::agent module |
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my ($self, $root_oid, $suboid_handler, $asn_type, $handler, |
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$registration_info, $request_info, $requests) |
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= @_; |
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my $request; |
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for ($request = $requests ; $request ; $request = $request->next()) |
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{ |
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my $oid = $request->getOID(); |
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my $mode = $request_info->getMode(); |
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if ($mode == MODE_GET || $mode == MODE_GETNEXT) |
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{ |
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if ($mode == MODE_GETNEXT) |
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{ |
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my $next_oid = |
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($oid < new NetSNMP::OID($root_oid)) |
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? $root_oid |
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: $self->_get_next_oid($oid); |
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# next_oid is undefined if handler was given last oid in subtree |
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if (defined($next_oid)) |
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{ |
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$oid = new NetSNMP::OID($next_oid); |
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$request->setOID($next_oid); |
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} |
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else |
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{ |
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$oid = undef; |
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} |
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} |
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if (defined($oid)) |
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{ |
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# Were not asked to GETNEXT beyond last OID in subtree - |
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# process the request with the registered handler. |
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my $value = $suboid_handler->($oid, $mode); |
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my $new_asn_type = $self->_get_asn_type($oid); |
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$new_asn_type ||= $asn_type; |
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if($new_asn_type == ASN_UNSIGNED || |
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$new_asn_type == ASN_COUNTER || |
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$new_asn_type == ASN_COUNTER64 || |
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$new_asn_type == ASN_TIMETICKS ) |
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{ |
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$value = sprintf("%u", $value); |
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} |
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if($new_asn_type == ASN_OCTET_STR || |
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$new_asn_type == ASN_BIT_STR ) |
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{ |
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$value = sprintf("%s", $value); |
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} |
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# Possible that a GET request came for an unhandled OID |
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# (undef value from handler) - don't set a value. |
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$request->setValue($new_asn_type, $value) if (defined($value)); |
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} |
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} |
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elsif ($mode == MODE_SET_RESERVE1) |
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{ |
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if ($oid != new NetSNMP::OID($root_oid)) |
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{ |
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$request->setError($request_info, SNMP_ERR_NOSUCHNAME); |
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} |
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} |
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elsif ($mode == MODE_SET_ACTION) |
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{ |
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$suboid_handler->($oid, $mode, $request->getValue()); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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=head2 new |
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Get an SNMP::Agent object. See EXAMPLES for use. |
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=cut |
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sub new |
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{ |
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my $class = shift; |
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my ($name, $root_oid, $suboid_handler_map) = @_; |
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my $self = { |
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name => 'example_agent', |
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root_oid => '1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.9999.9999.1', |
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suboid_map => {}, |
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get_next_oid => sub { return }, |
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get_asn_type => sub { return }, |
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shutdown => 0, |
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}; |
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croak "Invalid agent name" unless ($name =~ /^\w+$/); |
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croak "Need hash reference to suboid handlers" |
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unless (ref $suboid_handler_map eq "HASH"); |
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foreach my $suboid (keys %$suboid_handler_map) |
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{ |
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my $handler = $suboid_handler_map->{$suboid}->{handler}; |
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my $asn_type = $suboid_handler_map->{$suboid}->{type}; |
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$asn_type ||= ASN_OCTET_STR; |
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my $ref_type = ref $handler; |
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croak "Invalid suboid: $suboid" unless ($suboid =~ /^[\d\.]*/); |
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croak "Not function reference or scalar for suboid $suboid" |
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unless ($ref_type eq 'CODE' || $ref_type eq 'SCALAR'); |
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$suboid =~ s/^\.//; |
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$self->{suboid_map}->{$suboid} = {handler => $handler, type => $asn_type}; |
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} |
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$self->{name} = $name; |
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$self->{root_oid} = $root_oid; |
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bless $self, $class; |
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return $self; |
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} |
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=head2 register_get_next_oid |
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164
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If your agent needs to support an OID subtree, the provided handler will |
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be called to find out what the next OID is from the previous one. |
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Must return undef if there is not a next OID below the registered root OID. |
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169
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=cut |
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171
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sub register_get_next_oid |
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{ |
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my $self = shift; |
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my $handler = shift; |
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croak "Must be a CODE reference" unless (ref $handler eq 'CODE'); |
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$self->{get_next_oid} = $handler; |
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} |
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sub _get_next_oid |
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{ |
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my $self = shift; |
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return $self->{get_next_oid}->(@_); |
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} |
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=head2 register_get_asn_type |
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189
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If your agent needs to support an OID subtree, the provided handler will |
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be called to find out what the ASN type is for an OID. Required if the |
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ASN type differs from the default provided for an OID subtree. |
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Can return undef to use the default assigned ASN for the registered root OID. |
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195
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=cut |
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197
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sub register_get_asn_type |
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{ |
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my $self = shift; |
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my $handler = shift; |
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202
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croak "Must be a CODE reference" unless (ref $handler eq 'CODE'); |
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$self->{get_asn_type} = $handler; |
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} |
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207
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sub _get_asn_type |
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{ |
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my $self = shift; |
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return $self->{get_asn_type}->(@_); |
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} |
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213
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=head2 run |
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215
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Called on an SNMP::Agent object with no arguments to start the agent. |
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Does not return until shutdown called. |
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218
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=cut |
219
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220
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sub run |
221
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{ |
222
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my $self = shift; |
223
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224
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my $agent = new NetSNMP::agent( |
225
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226
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# makes the agent read a my_agent_name.conf file |
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'Name' => $self->{name}, |
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'AgentX' => 1 |
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); |
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231
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# register each oid handler individually to the same callback function |
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my $root_oid = $self->{root_oid}; |
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foreach my $suboid (keys %{$self->{suboid_map}}) |
234
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{ |
235
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my $oid = join('.', ($root_oid, $suboid)); |
236
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my $suboid_handler = $self->{suboid_map}->{$suboid}->{handler}; |
237
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my $asn_type = $self->{suboid_map}->{$suboid}->{type}; |
238
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239
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# All suboid handlers are a sub ref. |
240
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if (ref $suboid_handler ne 'CODE') |
241
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{ |
242
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$suboid_handler = |
243
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($asn_type == ASN_OCTET_STR) |
244
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? sub { return "$suboid_handler" } |
245
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: sub { return $suboid_handler }; |
246
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} |
247
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248
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$agent->register($self->{name}, $oid, |
249
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sub { $self->_generic_handler($oid, $suboid_handler, $asn_type, @_) }); |
250
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} |
251
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252
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while (!$self->{shutdown}) |
253
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{ |
254
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$agent->agent_check_and_process(1); |
255
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} |
256
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257
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$agent->shutdown(); |
258
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} |
259
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260
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=head2 shutdown |
261
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262
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Stop the agent. |
263
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264
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=cut |
265
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266
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sub shutdown |
267
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{ |
268
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my $self = shift; |
269
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$self->{shutdown} = 1; |
270
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} |
271
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272
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=head1 EXAMPLES |
273
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274
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=head2 Simple handler |
275
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276
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use SNMP::Agent; |
277
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use NetSNMP::ASN qw/ASN_GAUGE/; |
278
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279
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sub do_one { return int(rand(10)) } |
280
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|
sub do_two { return "two" } |
281
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282
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my $root_oid = '1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.9999.9999.123'; |
283
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my %handlers = ( |
284
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'1' => { handler => \&do_one, type => ASN_GAUGE }, |
285
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'2' => { handler => \&do_two }, # default type ASN_OCTET_STR |
286
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); |
287
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288
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|
my $agent = new SNMP::Agent('my_agent', $root_oid, \%handlers); |
289
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|
$agent->run(); |
290
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291
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|
=head3 Output |
292
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293
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$ snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.9999.9999.123 |
294
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iso.3.6.1.4.1.8072.9999.9999.123.1 = Gauge32: 2 |
295
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iso.3.6.1.4.1.8072.9999.9999.123.2 = STRING: "two" |
296
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297
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=head2 OID Tree |
298
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299
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|
use SNMP::Agent; |
300
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301
|
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|
|
my $root_oid = 'netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1'; |
302
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303
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|
my @wasting_time = qw/Sittin' on the dock of the bay/; |
304
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305
|
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|
sub stats_handler { |
306
|
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|
my $oid = shift; # a NetSNMP::OID object |
307
|
|
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308
|
|
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|
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|
|
return "root oid" if($oid =~ /$root_oid$/); |
309
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
310
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $idx = ($oid->to_array())[$oid->length - 1]; |
311
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return $wasting_time[$idx - 1]; |
312
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
313
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
314
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sub next_oid_handler { |
315
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $oid = shift; |
316
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
317
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if($oid eq $root_oid) { |
318
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return join('.', ($root_oid, '.1')); |
319
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
320
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
321
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if($oid =~ /$root_oid\.(\d+)$/) { |
322
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $idx = $1; |
323
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if ($idx <= $#wasting_time) |
324
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
325
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $next_oid = join('.', ($root_oid, $idx + 1)); |
326
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return $next_oid; |
327
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
328
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
329
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
330
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return; # no next OID |
331
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
332
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
333
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my %handlers = ( |
334
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$root_oid => { handler => \&stats_handler }, |
335
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
); |
336
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
337
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $agent = new SNMP::Agent('my_agent', '', \%handlers); |
338
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$agent->register_get_next_oid(\&next_oid_handler); |
339
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$agent->run(); |
340
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
341
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head3 Output |
342
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
343
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost netSnmpPlaypen.7375 |
344
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1 = STRING: "root oid" |
345
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.1 = STRING: "Sittin'" |
346
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.2 = STRING: "on" |
347
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.3 = STRING: "the" |
348
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.4 = STRING: "dock" |
349
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.5 = STRING: "of" |
350
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.6 = STRING: "the" |
351
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpPlaypen.7375.1.7 = STRING: "bay" |
352
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
353
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 NOTES |
354
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
355
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head2 Callbacks |
356
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The callback functions specified to handle OID requests are called |
358
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for SNMP sets as well as get requests. The requested OID and the |
359
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
request type are passed as arguments to the callback. If the mode |
360
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is MODE_SET_ACTION there is a third argument, the value to be set. |
361
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
362
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
use NetSNMP::agent qw(MODE_SET_ACTION); |
363
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $persistent_val = 0; |
364
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
365
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sub do_one |
366
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
367
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my ($oid, $mode, $value) = @_; |
368
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if ($mode == MODE_SET_ACTION) |
369
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
370
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$persistent_val = $value; |
371
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
372
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
else |
373
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
{ |
374
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return $persistent_val; |
375
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
376
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
} |
377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
378
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If asked to provide a value for an OID out of range, the handler |
379
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
should return an undefined value. |
380
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
381
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head2 OIDs |
382
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
383
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The OID passed to each callback function is a NetSNMP::OID object. |
384
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This may be a symbolic or numeric OID, and will be dependent on |
385
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
your system configuration. If in doubt, convert it to a numeric |
386
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
representation before using it: |
387
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
388
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
use NetSNMP::OID; |
389
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $oid = new NetSNMP::OID('netSnmpPlaypen'); |
390
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
my $numeric = join '.', $oid->to_array(); |
391
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
392
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
print "symbolic: $oid\n"; |
393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
print "numeric: $numeric\n"; |
394
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
395
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
symbolic: netSnmpPlaypen |
396
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
numeric: 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.9999.9999 |
397
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
398
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head2 Caching |
399
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No caching of responses is done by SNMP::Agent. Any results from |
401
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
expensive operations should probably be cached for some time in case |
402
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of duplicate requests for the same information. |
403
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
404
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 AUTHOR |
405
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alexander Else, C<< >> |
407
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
408
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 BUGS |
409
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Please report any bugs or feature requests to C, or through |
411
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the web interface at L. I will be notified, and then you'll |
412
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
automatically be notified of progress on your bug as I make changes. |
413
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head2 COUNTER64 |
415
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
416
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strange values are returned for non-zero 64 bit counters. I suspect something in either NetSNMP::agent or communication |
417
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
between it and the snmp daemon. From cursory investigation it does not appear to be a simple endian problem. I may be wrong. |
418
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
419
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 SUPPORT |
420
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
421
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command. |
422
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
423
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
perldoc SNMP::Agent |
424
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
425
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can also look for information at: |
427
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
428
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=over 4 |
429
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
430
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * RT: CPAN's request tracker |
431
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
432
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L |
433
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
434
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation |
435
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
436
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L |
437
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
438
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * CPAN Ratings |
439
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L |
441
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
442
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item * Search CPAN |
443
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
444
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L |
445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
446
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=back |
447
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
448
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
449
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
450
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
451
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
452
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT |
453
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
454
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Copyright 2011 Alexander Else. |
455
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
457
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
under the terms of either: the GNU General Public License as published |
458
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
by the Free Software Foundation; or the Artistic License. |
459
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
460
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See http://dev.perl.org/licenses/ for more information. |
461
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
463
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=cut |
464
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1; # End of SNMP::Agent |