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package Email::Address::Classify; |
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use strict; |
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use warnings FATAL => 'all'; |
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use File::Basename; |
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=head1 NAME |
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Email::Address::Classify - Classify email addresses |
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
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use Email::Address::Classify; |
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$email = Email::Address::Classify->new('a.johnson@example.com'); |
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print "Is valid: " . $email->is_valid() ? "Y\n" : "N\n"; # Y |
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print "Is random: " . $email->is_random() ? "Y\n" : "N\n"; # N |
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=head1 DESCRIPTION |
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This module provides a simple way to classify email addresses. At the moment, it only |
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provides two classifications is_valid() and is_random(). More classifications may be |
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added in the future. |
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=head1 METHODS |
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=over 4 |
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=item new($address) |
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Creates a new Email::Address::Classify object. The only argument is the email address. |
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=item is_valid() |
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Performs a simple check to determine if the address is formatted properly. |
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Note that this method does not check if the domain exists or if the mailbox is valid. |
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Nor is it a complete RFC 2822 validator. For that, you should use a module such as |
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L. |
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If this method returns false, all other methods will return false as well. |
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=item is_random() |
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Returns true if the localpart is likely to be randomly generated, false otherwise. |
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Note that randomness is subjective and depends on the user's locale and other factors. |
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This method uses a list of common trigrams to determine if the localpart is random. The trigrams |
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were generated from a corpus of 30,000 email messages, mostly in English. The accuracy of this |
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method is about 95% for English email addresses. |
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If you would like to generate your own list of trigrams, you can use the included |
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C script in the C directory of the source repository. |
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=back |
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=head1 TODO |
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Ideas for future classification methods: |
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is_freemail() |
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is_disposable() |
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is_role_based() |
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is_bounce() |
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is_verp() |
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is_srs() |
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is_batv() |
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is_sms_gateway() |
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=head1 AUTHOR |
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Kent Oyer |
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=head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT |
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Copyright (C) 2023 MXGuardian LLC |
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This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
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(at your option) any later version. |
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the LICENSE |
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file included with this distribution for more information. |
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/. |
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=cut |
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my %ngrams; |
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our $min_length = 4; |
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our $VERSION = '0.02'; |
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sub _init { |
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# read ngrams from Classify/ngrams.txt |
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my $filename = dirname($INC{'Email/Address/Classify.pm'}).'/Classify/ngrams.txt'; |
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open(my $fh, '<', $filename) or die "Can't open $filename: $!"; |
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while (my $line = <$fh>) { |
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chomp $line; |
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$ngrams{$line} = 1; |
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} |
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close($fh); |
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} |
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sub new { |
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my ($class,$address) = @_; |
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my $self = bless { |
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address => $address, |
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}, $class; |
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my $email = _parse_email($address); |
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if ( $email ) { |
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$self->{localpart} = $email->{localpart}; |
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$self->{domain} = $email->{domain}; |
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$self->{valid} = 1; |
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} else { |
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$self->{valid} = 0; |
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} |
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return $self; |
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} |
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sub is_valid { |
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my $self = shift; |
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return $self->{valid}; |
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} |
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sub _find_ngrams { |
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my $str = lc($_[0]); |
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my @ngrams; |
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for (my $i = 0; $i < length($str) - 2; $i++) { |
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push @ngrams, substr($str, $i, 3); |
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} |
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return @ngrams; |
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} |
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sub is_random { |
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my $self = shift; |
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return $self->{random} if exists $self->{random}; |
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return $self->{random} = 0 unless $self->{valid} && length($self->{localpart}) >= $min_length; |
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_init() unless %ngrams; |
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my ($common,$uncommon) = (0,0); |
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foreach (_find_ngrams($self->{localpart})) { |
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if (exists $ngrams{$_} ) { |
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$common++; |
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} else { |
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$uncommon++; |
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} |
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} |
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if ( $common == $uncommon ) { |
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# tie breaker |
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$uncommon++ if $self->{localpart} =~ /[bcdfgjklmnpqrtvwxz]{5}|[aeiouy]{5}|([a-z]{1,2})(?:\1){3}/; |
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} |
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return $self->{random} = ($uncommon > $common ? 1 : 0); |
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} |
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sub _parse_email { |
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my $email = shift; |
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return undef unless defined($email) && |
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$email =~ /^((?:[a-zA-Z0-9\+\_\=\.\-])+)@((?:[a-zA-Z0-9\-])+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)+)$/; |
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return { |
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address => $email, |
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localpart => $1, |
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domain => $2, |
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}; |
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} |
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1; |